-: Sizing Machine:-
Sizing:- It is the process of
applying protective adhesive coating on the
yarn surface.
Object Of Sizing:- (i) To improve the weave ability of warp
yarn.
(ii) To
improve abrasion resistance of the yarn.
(iii)
To reduce hairiness of the yarn.
(iv) To
reduce generation of static charge for
polyester blend yarn.
(v)
To improve breaking strength of cellulosic yarns.
(vi) To
increase the elasticity.
Sizing Materials:- Carbohydrate, Flour, Rice-flour, Potato-starch,
Gum, PVA, PVC
etc.
Passage:- Creel unit ⇒ Guide roller ⇒Size box⇒Size roller ⇒Multi
drying roller ⇒Guide⇒Lease rod⇒Eccentric roller⇒ 
Adjustable reed⇒Beam.
1.
Creel Unit:- In single end sizing
yarns are taken from a creel rather than from a beam. This unit contains 7 to
12 carriers from where yarn is supplied.
2.
Sizing Unit:- In this unit a size box is used t
apply size to the yarn. The warp sheet is guided through the solution means of
the immersion roller & then through the squeeze roller where the yarns are
pressed to maintain the required size to up percentage by the yarn. The size
box temperature is controlled by flowing steam through pipe.
3.
Drying Unit:- Multi heated cylinder consists of drying unit. This
unit is required to dry the wet sized yarn rapidly. Thoroughly & uniformly.
4.
Dividing Unit:- In order to prevent adhesion
between the yarns. It is necessary to separate each sized end from the others.
For this lease rod are used to divide the main warp sheet into single end.
5.
Beaming unit:- Wound the sized yarn upon the
weavers beam.
Theory:- The yarn from the warper’s beam usually contains about 500-800 warp ends, are made to pass into a size box through a guide roller. The beam are placed in a creel section. The no. of warper beams depends upon the total no.
of ends required in the cloth or weaver’s beam.
The warp sheet emerging
from the back beams enters a size box that is kept heated by constant supply of
steam through pipes. The warp sheet is made to go under a partially immersed immersion roller, and then passes
between the nips of the squeeze roller.
The squeeze roller impregnates the size into the yarn structure and also
removes external excess size at the same time drags the warp sheet through the
paste.
The wet size yarn then
enters the drying zone comprising of
either multi drying cylinder. The sized yarn is dried here. All the cylinders
are steam heated except the last one, which is kept cool by supply of cold
water. This is done so as to cool the warp sheet when it leaves the drying zone
is then split or divide into as many sections or layers as there are beams in
the creel. This is done by means of lease
rod. The purpose is to eliminate stickiness of neighboring warp threads.
The split warp threads are
then recombined and then made to pass through an ‘expanding or zig-zag’
reed or comb. This comb regulates the width of the warp sheet to the required
dimensions.
The warp is then made to
pass between the nips of ‘drag roller’,
and is finally wound on a beam called ‘weaver’s
beam’.
Calculation :- 1. Stretch % :-
Motor
RPM =
1500RPM
Cyclo Gear Reduction =
1:40
Motor Pulley Diameter(D1) =
10.695cm
Machine Pulley Diameter(D2) =
11.14cm
a.) Motor Pulley RPM :-
N1 = Motor RPM =
1500 = 37.5RPM
Reduction Gear 40
b.)
Surface
Speed Of DRAW Roller Pulley :-
πDN = 3.14*(13.6+1)*37.5
=
1719.15cm/min or 17.19mt/min
Circumference Of Draw Roller = 44cm or 0.44mt
0.44*N = 17.19
N = 39.06mt/min
Teeth Of Bevel(N1
& N2)= 24
Then, πN1T1 = πN2T2
39.06*24 = N2*24
N2 = 39.06mt
c.) Surface Speed Of Squeeze Roller:-
Circumference Of
Squeeze Roller= 41cm or 0.41mt
0.41*39.06=16.01mt/min
d.) Stretch %:-
Stretch
% = Surface Speed Of Draw Roller-Surface Speed Of Squeeze Roller × 100
Surface Speed Of Squeeze Roller
= 17.19-16.01
× 100
17.19
Passage Of Sizing Machine:-
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